Home › Resources & tools › Dirac notation for quantum states

Dirac notation for quantum states

Quantum states are usually described using bra–ket notation, also known as Dirac notation.

In Dirac notation, a ket represents a state of a quantum system and is a vector in a complex vector space . A bra denotes a linear map , and the application of to is written as .

The ket can be represented as a column vector:

and the bra as a row vector:

In this representation, a bra next to a ket simply denotes matrix multiplication of a row vector with a column vector:

See also

$19.99

Poster, single-sided.

quantum computing
$19.99

Poster, single-sided.

quantum computing

A simple online editor for Q# files.

The definition of the Hadamard gate and some of its properties.

A curated list of awesome resources on quantum computing.

Generate random numbers using quantum computing.

Creating a simple Q# console application.

A daily crossword puzzle about quantum computing.

A simple online editor for OpenQASM (Open Quantum Assembly Language).

Test your knowledge of quantum logic gates.

A pronunciation guide for quantum computing terms.

Visualize qubits on an interactive Bloch sphere.

The wave function is an abstract mathematical concept and cannot be "measured" directly.

All prices listed are in United States Dollars (USD). Visual representations of products are intended for illustrative purposes. Actual products may exhibit variations in color, texture, or other characteristics inherent to the manufacturing process.